mirror of
https://github.com/elua/elua.git
synced 2025-01-08 20:56:17 +08:00
130 lines
6.4 KiB
HTML
130 lines
6.4 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Strict//EN">
|
|
<html><head>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us"><title>Building GCC for i386</title>
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style.css"></head>
|
|
<body style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
|
|
<h3>Building GCC for i386</h3>
|
|
<p>At first, the idea of an i386 "cross" compiler under Linux seems
|
|
strange. After all, you're already running Linux on a i386 compatible
|
|
architecture. But the compiler is sometimes tied in misterious ways
|
|
with the operating system it's running on (see for example <a htarget="_blank" ref="http://wiki.osdev.org/GCC_Cross-Compiler">this page</a>
|
|
for some possible symptoms). And after all, you want to use Newlib, not
|
|
libc, and to customize your development environment as much as
|
|
possible. This tutorial will show you how to do that.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><strong>DISCLAIMER: I'm by no means a specialist in the
|
|
GCC/newlib/binutils compilation process. I'm sure that there are better
|
|
ways to accomplish what I'm describing here, however I just wanted a
|
|
quick and dirty way to build a toolchain, I have no intention in
|
|
becoming too intimate with the build process. If you think that what I
|
|
did is wrong, innacurate, or simply outrageously ugly, feel free to
|
|
<a href="overview.html#contacts">contact us</a> and I'll make the necessary corrections.
|
|
And of course, this tutorial comes without any guarantees whatsoever.</strong></p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Prerequisites</h2>
|
|
<p>To build your toolchain you'll need:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><b>GNU binutils</b>: as I'm writing this, the latest binutils version is 2.19.1, which
|
|
I'll be using in this tutorial. get it from <a target="_blank" href="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/">here</a>.</li>
|
|
<li><b>GCC</b>:as I'm writing this, the latest GCC version is
|
|
4.3.3, which I'll be using for this tutorial. Download it from <a target="_blank" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/mirrors.html">here</a> after choosing a suitable mirror.</li>
|
|
<li><b>Newlib</b>: as I'm writing this, the latest official Newlib version is 1.17.0, which I'll be using for this tutorial.
|
|
Download it from <a target="_blank" href="ftp://sources.redhat.com/pub/newlib/index.html">here</a>.</li>
|
|
<li>The tutorial assumes that you're using bash as your shell. If you use
|
|
something else, you might need to adjust some shell-specific commands. </li></ul></p>
|
|
<p>You need some support programs/libraries in order to compile the toolchain. To install them:</p>
|
|
<p><pre><code>$ sudo apt-get install flex bison libgmp3-dev libmpfr-dev autoconf texinfo build-essential</code></pre></p>
|
|
<p>Next, decide where you want to install your toolchain. They
|
|
generally go in <i>/usr/local/</i>, so I'm going to assume
|
|
<i>/usr/local/cross-i686</i> for this tutorial. To save yourself some
|
|
typing, set this path into a shell variable:</p>
|
|
<p><pre><code>$ export TOOLPATH=/usr/local/cross-i686</code></pre></p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>› Step 1: binutils</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>This is the easiest step: unpack, configure, build.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><pre><code>$ tar -xvjf binutils-2.19.1.tar.bz2
|
|
$ cd binutils-2.19.1
|
|
$ mkdir build
|
|
$ cd build
|
|
$ ../configure --target=i686-elf --prefix=$TOOLPATH --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --disable-nls
|
|
$ make all
|
|
$ sudo make install
|
|
$ export PATH=${TOOLPATH}/bin:$PATH
|
|
$ cd ../..</code></pre></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Now you have your i386 "binutils" (assembler, linker, disassembler ...) in your PATH. </p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Step 2: basic GCC</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>In this step we build a "basic" GCC (that is, a GCC without any
|
|
support libs, which we'll use in order to build all the libraries for
|
|
our target). Let's compile it (and note that the install step is
|
|
a bit different from Newlib's):</p?
|
|
|
|
<p><pre><code>$ tar -xvjf gcc-4.3.3.tar.bz2
|
|
$ cd gcc-4.3.3
|
|
$ mkdir build
|
|
$ cd build
|
|
$ ../configure --target=i686-elf --prefix=$TOOLPATH --enable-languages="c,c++" --with-newlib --without-headers --disable-shared --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld
|
|
$ make all-gcc
|
|
$ sudo -s -H
|
|
# export PATH=/usr/local/cross-i686/bin:$PATH
|
|
# make install-gcc
|
|
# exit
|
|
$ cd ../..</code></pre></p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Step 3: Newlib</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>Once again, Newlib is as easy as unpack, configure, build. But I
|
|
wanted my library to be as small as possible (as opposed to as fast as
|
|
possible) and I only wanted to keep what's needed from it in the final
|
|
executable, so I added the "-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections" flags
|
|
to allow the linker to perform dead code stripping:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><pre><code>$ tar -xvzf newlib-1.17.0.tar.gz
|
|
$ cd newlib-1.17.0
|
|
$ mkdir build
|
|
$ cd build
|
|
$ ../configure --target=i686-elf --prefix=$TOOLPATH --disable-newlib-supplied-syscalls --with-gnu-ld --with-gnu-as --disable-shared
|
|
$ make CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET="-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -DPREFER_SIZE_OVER_SPEED -D__OPTIMIZE_SIZE__ -Os -fomit-frame-pointer -D__BUFSIZ__=256"
|
|
$ sudo -s -H
|
|
# export PATH=/usr/local/cross-i686/bin:$PATH
|
|
# make install
|
|
# exit
|
|
$ cd ../..</code></pre></p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Some notes about the flags used in the above sequence:
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>--disable-newlib-supplied-syscalls</code>: this deserves a page of its own, but I won't cover it here. For an explanation, see for example
|
|
<a target="_blank" href="http://openhardware.net/Embedded_ARM/NewLib_Stubs/">this page</a></li>
|
|
<li><code>-DPREFER_SIZE_OVER_SPEED -D__OPTIMIZE_SIZE__</code>: compile Newlib for size, not for speed (these are Newlib specific).</li>
|
|
<li><code>-Os -fomit-frame-pointer</code>: tell GCC to optimize for size, not for speed.</li>
|
|
<li><code>-D__BUFSIZ__=256</code>: again Newlib specific, this is the buffer size allocated by default for files opened via fopen(). The default is 1024, which I find too much
|
|
for <b>eLua</b>, so I'm using 256 here. Of course, you can change this value.</li></ul></p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Step 4: full GCC</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>Finally, in the last step of our tutorial, we complete the GCC
|
|
build. In this stage, a number of compiler support libraries are built
|
|
(most notably libgcc.a). Fortunately this is simpler that the Newlib
|
|
compilation step:</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><pre><code>$ cd gcc-4.3.3/build
|
|
$ make all
|
|
$ sudo make install
|
|
</code></pre></p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Step 5: all done!</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>Now you can finally enjoy your i386 toolchain, and compile <b>eLua</b> with
|
|
it :) After you do, you'll be able to boot <b>eLua</b> directly on your PC, as
|
|
described <a href="tut_bootpc.html">here</a>, but you won't need to download the ELF file from the <b>eLua</b> project page, since you just generated it using your own toolchain!
|
|
If you need further clarification, or if the above instructions didn't work for you, feel free to <a href="overview.html#contacts">contact us</a>.</p>
|
|
</body></html>
|