pikapython/README_zh.md

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<p align="center">
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<img alt="logo" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/144221063-a85b2cb0-0416-493f-9afb-56cff31e977d.jpg" width="300">
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</p>
<h1 align="center" style="margin: 30px 0 30px; font-weight: bold;">PikaScript</h1>
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<h4 align="center">跨平台的超轻量级嵌入式 Python 引擎</h4>
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<p align="center">
<a href="https://gitee.com/lyon1998/pikascript/stargazers"><img src="https://gitee.com/lyon1998/pikascript/badge/star.svg?theme=gvp"></a>
<a href="https://gitee.com/lyon1998/pikascript/members"><img src="https://gitee.com/lyon1998/pikascript/badge/fork.svg?theme=gvp"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/pikastech/pikascript/stargazers"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/pikastech/pikascript?style=flat-square&logo=GitHub"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/pikastech/pikascript/network/members"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/forks/pikastech/pikascript?style=flat-square&logo=GitHub"></a>
<a href="https://github.com/pikastech/pikascript/blob/master/LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/pikastech/pikascript.svg?style=flat-square"></a>
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<a href="https://github.com/pikasTech/pikascript/actions/workflows/CI.yml"><img src="https://github.com/pikasTech/pikascript/actions/workflows/CI.yml/badge.svg"> </a>
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</p>
<p align="center">
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<a href="https://whycan.com/f_55.html" >论坛</a> |
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<a href="https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript" >文档中心</a> |
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<a href="https://space.bilibili.com/5365336/channel/seriesdetail?sid=1034902">视频</a> |
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<a href="https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a21dvs.23580594.0.0.52de3d0dt7rqAx&ft=t&id=654947372034">开发板</a> |
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<a href="https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript/yogs8m">BSP</a> |
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<a href="https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript/of8izq">包管理器</a> |
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<a href="https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript/wcc36r" >RT-Thread 软件包</a> |
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<a href="https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript/il3an0" >参与贡献</a> |
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<a href="https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript/cp1k24">商业合作</a>
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</p>
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[![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/147997370-ff37b6e7-25b2-4174-aa64-c1fb92cede04.png)](https://pikastech.github.io/pikascript/dev/bench/)
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# 1.简介
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PikaScript 是一个完全重写的超轻量级 python 引擎,零依赖,零配置,可以在少于 4KB 的 RAM 下运行(如 stm32g030c8 和 stm32f103c8),极易部署和扩展,具有大量的中文文档和视频资料。
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PikaScript 具有框架式C模块开发工具只要用 Python 写好调用 API 就能够自动连接到C模块非常方便快捷。不用手动处理任何全局表、宏定义、等等。
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PikaScript 也支持 MDK、iar、RT-studio 等常见 ide 开发能够轻松地调试C模块。
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![output_Kgj52R](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132940452-d07d766c-5aa7-4187-96f2-66b02984e82c.gif)
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<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/147799764-5db2cb30-ee74-4cde-a2bd-b91c358ae3d9.png" width="500"/>
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![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/138021445-13643518-b0a3-4872-a290-5dec27697837.png)
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# 获取 PikaScript:
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## 使用在线图形化工程生成器
生成器地址:
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http://pikascript.com
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<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/152632673-019a7f92-7b7f-4fb5-92b7-4ae4c26ec865.png" width="500"/>
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## 使用 Pika 包管理器[PikaPackage.exe](https://gitee.com/Lyon1998/pikascript/attach_files/907478/download)
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1. 直接运行[PikaPackage.exe](https://gitee.com/Lyon1998/pikascript/attach_files/907478/download), 自动下载并更新pikaScript主仓库(文件在当前磁盘的/tmp/pikaScript文件夹)
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2. 将[requestment.txt](/bsp/stm32g030c8/pikascript/requestment.txt)放在[PikaPackage.exe](../../raw/master/tools/pikaPackageManager/pikaPackage.exe)同一文件夹下, 运行[pikaPackage.exe](../../raw/master/tools/pikaPackageManager/pikaPackage.exe), 自动在当前目录下安装[内核](../../tree/master/src)、[预编译器](../../tree/master/tools/pikaCompiler)与[模块](../../tree/master/package)。
3. 已发布的模块列表:[packages.toml](/packages.toml)
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# 快速上手
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可使用[仿真工程](document/1.三分钟快速上手.md)快速上手,无需硬件,也可以使用官方支持的开发板[Pika派—Zero](https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a2126o.success.result.1.76224831Y0X1gO&id=654947372034),上手即玩。
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[Pika派python编程游玩指南](https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript/okdwig)
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[![PikaPi-Zero](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/147940229-a6b8ebf5-41db-4614-a525-448f47de0a67.png)](https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a2126o.success.result.1.76224831Y0X1gO&id=654947372034)
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开发板基于 STM32G030C8T6 小资源 MCU仅 64kB Flash8kB RAM 即可运行完整解释器和完整的外设驱动GPIO、TIME、IIC、UART、ADC、PWM、RGB、KEY、LCD。板载 CH340 USB 转串口芯片Type-C 接口,支持串口下载 python 脚本板载4颗 RGB 灯,可选配[LCD屏幕](https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c.w4002-23991764791.12.16f97c58fsLjVk&id=660745643102)。
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# 开发手册
### [点此进入文档中心](https://www.yuque.com/liang-mltek/pikascript)
![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/144693400-99f9c038-76fd-4d95-b3d2-137bd972d580.png)
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# 视频教程
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### [点此进入视频中心](https://space.bilibili.com/5365336/channel/seriesdetail?sid=1034902)
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![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/142173892-35e33f36-413c-4422-8470-b873b7c3bd71.png)
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# 交流论坛
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### [点此进入论坛](https://whycan.com/f_55.html)
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![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/144693543-4aee46c8-b6c8-4282-99c4-e07271a4ba5f.png)
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## 文件目录
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[src](../../tree/master/src) - 内核源码
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[bsp](../../tree/master/bsp) - 裸机芯片/板卡支持
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[port](../../tree/master/port) - 操作系统支持
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[document](../../tree/master/document) - 开发文档
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[examples](../../tree/master/examples) - 示例脚本
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[package](../../tree/master/package) - 模块目录
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[pikaCompiler](../../tree/master/tools/pikaCompiler) - 使用 rust 编写的预编译器
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[pikaPackageManager](../../tree/master/tools/pikaPackageManager) - 使用 go 编写的模块管理器
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# 2.平台支持列表
## MCU support
|MCU|bsp|gpio|uart|pwm|adc|i2c|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|stm32g030c8|√|√|√|√|√|√|
|stm32g070cB|√|√|√|√|√|√|
|stm32f103c8|√|√|√|√|√|√|
|stm32f103rb|√|√|√|√|√|√|
|stm32f103rc|√|√|√|√|√|√|
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|stm32f407ze|√| | | | | |
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|stm32f051r8|√| | | | | |
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|ch32v103r8t6|√|√| | | | |
|cm32m101a|√| | | | | |
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|w801|√|√| | | | | | | |
|w806|√|√| | | | | | | |
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|apm32f030r8|√| | | | | |
|apm32e103vb|√| | | | | |
|bl-706|√| | | | | |
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|Raspberry Pico|√| | | | | |
|ESP32C3|√| | | | | |
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|TC264D|√| | | | | |
|devc|√| | | | | |
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## Board support
|Board|bsp|gpio|uart|pwm|adc|i2c|rgb|lcd|arm-2d|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|[Pika-Pi-Zero](https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.1.4f2e27a8R0qWJn&id=654947372034&ns=1&abbucket=15#detail)|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|
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|Board|bsp|arm-2d|
|---|---|---|
|QEMU-arm2d|√|√|
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|Board|bsp|LED|KEY|
|---|---|---|---|
|SmartLoong|√|√|√|√|
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## OS support
|OS|port|GPIO|TIME|
|---|---|---|---|
|rt-thread|√|√|√|
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|vsf|√|√| |
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|OS|port|Google Test|Benchmark|
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|---|---|---|---|
|linux|√|√|√|
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# 3.特性
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### (1)运行环境
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支持裸机运行,可运行于 **RAM ≥ 4kB** **FLASH ≥ 32kB** 的mcu中如stm32g030, stm32f103c8t6esp8266。
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### (2)开发环境
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支持串口下载 Python 脚本。
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<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/134841230-85de6734-8467-4245-93a5-d452b5022b42.gif" width="400" alt="微信交流群"/><br/>
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支持 Keil、IAR、rt-thread studio、segger embedded studio 等IDE开发。
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支持 CMake、makeFile、Scons 等构建工具
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零依赖零配置开箱即用极易集成进已有的C工程。
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极易拓展自定义的C原生函数。
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支持跨平台,可在 linux 环境开发内核。
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### (3)语法特性
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使用 python3 标准语法的子集。
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在编译时支持 python 类和方法定义,完整支持封装、继承、多态、模块功能 - 基于 [Pika 预编译器](../../tree/master/tools/pikaCompiler)。
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在运行时支持 python 方法调用、变量定义、对象构造、对象释放、控制流(if\while) - 基于 [Pika 运行时内核](../../tree/master/src/package/pikascript/pikascript-core)。
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|语法|编译时|运行时|
|---|---|---|
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|模块定义|√|-|
|模块导入|√|-|
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|类定义|√|-|
|类继承|√|-|
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|方法定义|√|√|
|方法重载|√|√|
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|方法调用|√|√|
|参数定义|√|√|
|参数赋值|√|√|
|对象新建|√|√|
|对象销毁|√|√|
|对象嵌套|√|√|
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#### 操作符
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| + | - | * | / | == | > | < | >= | <= | % | ** | // | != | & | >> | << | and | or | not | += | -= | *= | /= |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|√| | | | |
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#### 控制流
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| if | while | for | else | elif | break | continue |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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|√|√|√|√|√|√|√|
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#### 数据结构
| string | list | dict |
| --- | --- | --- |
|√|√|√|
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### (4)源码规范
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注重源码可读性,命名规范,标准统一,完全不使用宏,几乎不使用全局变量。
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完整的 googletest 单元测试。
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# 4.交流与技术支持:
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## 微信交流群
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![微信截图_20210917133247](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/133729804-e1d0406b-a859-4ebc-b335-477e9c03810e.png)
### 群已经满啦加我QQ拉你进群~ qq: 645275593
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## Tencent QQ
645275593
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## Tencent QQ Group:
<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/136304186-e49610e4-ce01-4524-99b6-b56842d56411.png" width="300" alt="微信交流群"/><br/>
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## E-mail:
645275593@qq.com
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# 5.贡献者
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| 内容 | 贡献者 |
| --- | --- |
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| Performance Point: 900->1400 | [GorgonMeducer](https://github.com/GorgonMeducer) |
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| stm32f051r8 BSP |[unsigned](https://gitee.com/unsigned0)|
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| stm32f407ze BSP |[unsigned](https://gitee.com/unsigned0)|
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| devc BSP |[unsigned](https://gitee.com/unsigned0)|
| TC264D BSP |[unsigned](https://gitee.com/unsigned0)|
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| PikaVM 优化 | [GorgonMeducer](https://github.com/GorgonMeducer) |
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| W801Device package | 刘延(微信名) |
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| W806 bsp | 刘延(微信名) |
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| 捐赠ESP32C3 5pic调试器 |启明云端 沧御|
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| 捐赠LS1C101芯片10pic, LS1c101开发板调试器|龙芯俱乐部 石南|
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| PikaVSF OS package | [versaloon](https://github.com/versaloon) |
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| ESP32C3 BSP |沧御|
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| 捐赠ESP32开发板、墨水屏*4 | name(微信名) |
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| 捐赠:智龙开发板 | 龙芯俱乐部 石南 |
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| package/STM32F1 | [sjy](https://gitee.com/shanjiayang) |
| package/STM32F103RBBooter | [sjy](https://gitee.com/shanjiayang) |
| bsp/stm32f103rb | [sjy](https://gitee.com/shanjiayang) |
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| 基于 QEMU 的 ARM-2D 仿真工程 | [liuduanfei](https://github.com/liuduanfei) |
| 捐赠GD32E103TB 芯片2片 | 信息牛(微信名) |
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| Rt-thread 支持包、适配层、模块| [Meco Jianting Man](https://github.com/mysterywolf) |
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| 捐赠:移远 EC600S-CN 4G模块 | 移远模块 |
| 捐赠:博流 BL706 开发板|博流智能 [bouffalolab](https://github.com/bouffalolab)|
| 捐赠:中国移动 CM32M101A 开发板| 孟巍(微信名) |
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| 捐赠APM32F030R8 开发板 | 极海半导体 陈成 |
| 捐赠APM32E103VB 开发板 | 极海半导体 陈成 |
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| 捐赠APEX-Link 仿真器 | 极海半导体 陈成 |
| 源码格式化,增加 git 属性文件 | [Meco Jianting Man](https://github.com/mysterywolf) |
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| demo/simulation-keil | 千帆(微信名) |
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| demo/stm32f103zet6/demo01-led-stm32f103zet6 | [甜航](https://github.com/easyzoom) |
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| demo/stm32f103zet6/demo02-led-stm32f103zet6_tworoot | [甜航](https://github.com/easyzoom) |
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| demo/stm32f407zgt/demo01-led-stm32f407vgt | [甜航](https://github.com/easyzoom) |
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# 6.内核测试与开发
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## linux 下测试 pikascript 内核(推荐ubuntu20.04)
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step1: 拉取项目
``` shell
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git clone https://github.com/pikastech/pikascript
cd pikascript/port/linux
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```
step2: 编译项目
```
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sh install_dependency.sh # 安装依赖,第一次用时运行
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sh init.sh # 第一次编译前运行,之后就不用运行了
sh make.sh # 编译项目
```
step3: 运行单元测试
``` shell
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sh gtest.sh
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```
step4: 运行基准测试
``` shell
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sh ci_benchmark.sh
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```
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# 7.Demo展示
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## Demo 01 GPIO
``` python
import PikaStdLib
import STM32G0
mem = PikaStdLib.MemChecker()
io1 = STM32G0.GPIO()
time = STM32G0.Time()
io1.init()
io1.setPin('PA8')
io1.setMode('out')
io1.enable()
io1.low()
print('hello pikascript')
print('mem.max :')
mem.max()
print('mem.now :')
mem.now()
while True:
io1.low()
time.sleep_ms(500)
io1.high()
time.sleep_ms(500)
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```
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![Hnet-image (2)](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132943428-f2b365ca-140e-42f4-936c-db6a7d9f8dee.gif)
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## Demo 02 USART
``` python
import PikaStdLib
import STM32G0
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time = STM32G0.Time()
uart = STM32G0.UART()
uart.init()
uart.setId(1)
uart.setBaudRate(115200)
uart.enable()
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while True:
time.sleep_ms(500)
readBuff = uart.read(2)
print('read 2 char:')
print(readBuff)
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```
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![Hnet-image (3)](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132943365-0f7059b3-4f9d-4989-a5ec-2cce72b0cc96.gif)
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## Demo 03 ADC
``` python
import PikaStdLib
import STM32G0
time = STM32G0.Time()
adc1 = STM32G0.ADC()
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adc1.init()
adc1.setPin('PA1')
adc1.enable()
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while True:
val = adc1.read()
print('adc1 value:')
print(val)
time.sleep_ms(500)
```
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![mmexport1631351523907](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132944185-0a01b1ba-8cf7-4f9f-9d73-fe9cbcd52f0b.png)
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## Demo 04 PWM output
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``` python
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import PikaStdLib
import STM32G0
time = STM32G0.Time()
pwm = STM32G0.PWM()
pwm.setPin('PA8')
pwm.setFrequency(2000)
pwm.setDuty(0.5)
pwm.enable()
while True:
time.sleep_ms(500)
pwm.setDuty(0.5)
time.sleep_ms(500)
pwm.setDuty(0.001)
```
## Demo 05 RGB
``` python
import STM32G0
import PikaPiZero
import PikaStdLib
rgb = PikaPiZero.RGB()
mem = PikaStdLib.MemChecker()
rgb.init()
rgb.enable()
print('hello 2')
print('mem used max:')
mem.max()
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while True:
print('flowing')
rgb.flow()
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```
## Demo 06 Snake(Need LCD)
``` python
from PikaObj import *
import PikaStdLib
import PikaPiZero
import STM32G0
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# hardware init
lcd = PikaPiZero.LCD()
lcd.init()
lcd.clear('white')
key = PikaPiZero.KEY()
key.init()
time = STM32G0.Time()
x_max = 120
y_max = 150
# snake init
s = PikaPiZero.Point()
w = 9
h = 9
s.x = 50
s.y = 10
len = 0
while len < 3:
b = s
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i = 0
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while i < len:
b = b.next
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i = i + 1
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b.next = PikaPiZero.Point()
b.next.x = b.x - 10
b.next.y = b.y
b.next.prev = b
len = len + 1
# ring link
b.next = s
s.prev = b
i = 0
b = s
while i < len:
lcd.fill(b.x, b.y, w, h, 'blue')
b = b.next
i = i + 1
print('snake lengh')
print(len)
# fruit init
f = PikaPiZero.Point()
f.x = 30
f.y = 20
lcd.fill(f.x, f.y, w, h, 'green')
# memory check
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mem = PikaStdLib.MemChecker()
print('mem used max:')
mem.max()
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# main loop
d = 0
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isUpdate = 1
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isEat = 0
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while True:
if isUpdate:
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# isUpdate = 0
# check eat fruit
if f.x == s.x and f.y == s.y:
# have eat fruit
isEat = 1
f.x = f.x + 30
if f.x > x_max:
f.x = f.x - x_max
f.y = f.y + 30
if f.y > y_max:
f.y = f.y - y_max
lcd.fill(f.x, f.y, w, h, 'green')
# move snake by the direction
if d == 0:
x_new = s.x + 10
y_new = s.y
if x_new > x_max:
x_new = 0
elif d == 1:
x_new = s.x
y_new = s.y - 10
if y_new < 0:
y_new = y_max
elif d == 2:
x_new = s.x
y_new = s.y + 10
if y_new > y_max:
y_new = 0
elif d == 3:
x_new = s.x - 10
y_new = s.y
if x_new < 0:
x_new = x_max
if isEat:
isEat = 0
b_new = PikaPiZero.Point()
b_new.x = x_new
b_new.y = y_new
b_new.prev = s.prev
b_new.next = s
s.prev.next = b_new
s.prev = b_new
s = b_new
len = len + 1
print('snake lengh')
print(len)
print('mem used max:')
mem.max()
# drow the snake and fruit
# clear last body
lcd.fill(s.prev.x, s.prev.y, w, h, 'white')
# new body
s.prev.x = x_new
s.prev.y = y_new
# head is last body
s = s.prev
lcd.fill(s.x, s.y, w, h, 'blue')
b = s
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i = 0
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# scan key
key_val = key.get()
if key_val == 0:
d = 0
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isUpdate = 1
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elif key_val == 1:
d = 1
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isUpdate = 1
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elif key_val == 2:
d = 2
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isUpdate = 1
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elif key_val == 3:
d = 3
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isUpdate = 1
```
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![输入图片说明](document/image/imagefwef.png)
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这几个 Demo 占用的 RAM 最大值只有3.56K把1K的堆栈也算上就是4.56KFlash 最大占用是30.4K,以 STM32F103C8T6 的 20K RAM 和 64K Flash 为标准RAM 才用掉不到25%Flash 才用掉不到50%。
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我们可以简单对比一下 micropython 的常用芯片 STM32F405RG 和这次跑 PikaScript 的芯片STM32G070CB
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## RAM资源对比
![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132944731-a55ece1d-061f-4b91-ba87-bd6547be96a7.png)
## Flash资源对比
![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132944745-e9cf598d-e75f-40bb-873e-911819d535b7.png)
## 参考价对比(以2021年9月11日立创商城10片售价为参考
![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132944757-2b5cfda8-f93f-4456-8d7f-4e4767954056.png)
## 拓展能力如何呢?
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除了设备驱动之外,为 mcu 开发自定义的 python 脚本绑定在 pikascript 的开发框架下非常轻松,下面两个 Demo 就是自定义的C模块拓展这个 Demo 基于 ARM-2D 图像驱动库开发了一些 python 脚本接口。
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## 几个小方块~
![Hnet-image (7)](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132945282-bfd310df-8063-456d-b90c-6b798a2c8ed5.gif)
## 几个旋转太阳~
![Hnet-image (6)](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/88232613/132945107-e473a2cc-9fbc-47f9-aaed-a28d3ad1048c.gif)