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Prevent additional 0x00 from appearing in the output JLS stream

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WangXuan95 2024-09-05 00:03:31 +08:00
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34
README.md
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@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ The input and output signals of **jls_encoder** are described in the following t
| i_e | input valid | in | 1bit | i_e=1 indicates a valid input pixel is on i_x |
| i_x | input pixel | in | 8bit | The pixel value range is 8'd0 ~ 8'd255 . |
| o_e | output valid | out | 1bit | o_e=1 indicates a valid data is on o_data. |
| o_data | output data | out | 16bit | Big endian, odata[15:8] online; odata[7:0] after. |
| o_data | output data | out | 16bit | Little endian, odata[7:0] before, odata[15:8] after. |
| o_last | output last | out | 1bit | o_last=1, indicate that this is the last data of the output stream of an image. |
> Note：i_w cannot less than 14'd4 。
@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ The operation flow of **jls_encoder** module is:
1. **Reset** (optional): Set `rstn=0` for at least **1 cycle** to reset, and then keep `rstn=1` during normal operation. In fact, it is not necessary to reset.
2. **Start**: keep `i_sof=1` **at least 368 cycles**, while inputting the width and height of the image on the `i_w` and `i_h` signals, `i_w` and `i_h` should remain valid during` i_sof=1`.
3. **Input**: Control `i_e` and `i_x`, input all the pixels of the image from left to right, top to bottom. When `i_e=1`, `i_x` is input as a pixel.
4. **Idle between images**: After all pixel input ends, it needs to be idle for at least 16 cycles without any action (i.e. `i_sof=0`, `i_e=0`). Then you can skip to step 2 and start the next image.
4. **Idle between images**: After all pixel input ends, it needs to be idle for at least 32 cycles without any action (i.e. `i_sof=0`, `i_e=0`). Then you can skip to step 2 and start the next image.
Between `i_sof=1` and `i_e=1`; and between `i_e=1` each can insert any number of free bubbles (ie, `i_sof=0`, `i_e=0`), which means that we can input pixels intermittently (of course, without inserting any bubbles for maximum performance).
The following figure shows the input timing diagram of compressing 2 images (//represents omitting several cycles, X represents don't care). where image 1 has 1 bubble inserted after the first pixel is entered; while image 2 has 1 bubble inserted after i_sof=1. Note **Inter-image idle** must be at least **16 cycles**.
The following figure shows the input timing diagram of compressing 2 images (//represents omitting several cycles, X represents don't care). where image 1 has 1 bubble inserted after the first pixel is entered; while image 2 has 1 bubble inserted after i_sof=1. Note **Inter-image idle** must be at least **32 cycles**.
__ __// __ __ __ __ //_ __ // __ __// __ __ __ // __
clk \__/ \__/ //_/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__// \__/ \__///\__/ \__/ //_/ \__/ \__/ \__///\__/ \_
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ The following figure shows the input timing diagram of compressing 2 images (//r
## Output JLS stream
During the input, **jls_encoder** will also output a compressed **JPEG-LS stream**, which constitutes the content of the complete .jls file (including the file header and trailer). When `o_e=1`, `o_data` is a valid output data. Among them, `o_data` follows the big endian order, that is, `o_data[15:8]` is at the front of the stream, and `o_data[7:0]` is at the back of the stream. `o_last=1` indicates the end of the compressed stream for an image when the output stream for each image encounters the last data.
During the input, **jls_encoder** will also output a compressed **JPEG-LS stream**, which constitutes the content of the complete .jls file (including the file header and trailer). When `o_e=1`, `o_data` is a valid output data. Among them, `o_data` follows the little endian order, that is, `o_data[7:0]` is at the front of the stream, and `o_data[15:8]` is at the back of the stream. `o_last=1` indicates the end of the compressed stream for an image when the output stream for each image encounters the last data.
　
@ -131,19 +131,19 @@ Because **JPEG-LS** is niche and professional, most image viewing software canno
You can try [this site](https://filext.com/file-extension/JLS) to view .jls files (though this site doesn't work sometimes).
If the website doesn't work, you can use the decompressor [decoder.exe](./SIM) I provided to decompress it back to a .pgm file and view it again. Please run the command with CMD in the [SIM](./SIM) directory:
If the website doesn't work, you can use the decompressor [JPEGLSdec.exe](./SIM) I provided to decompress it back to a .pgm file and view it again. Please run the command with CMD in the [SIM](./SIM) directory:
```powershell
.\decoder.exe <JLS_FILE_NAME> <PGM_FILE_NAME>
JPEGLSdec.exe <JLS_FILE_NAME> -o<PGM_FILE_NAME>
```
For example:
```powershell
.\decoder.exe test000.jls tmp.pgm
JPEGLSdec.exe test001.jls -otmp.pgm
```
> Note: decoder.exe is compiled from the C language source code provided by UBC : http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~jakulin/jpeg-ls/mirror.htm
> Note: JPEGLSdec.exe is compiled from the C language source code provided by UBC : http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~jakulin/jpeg-ls/mirror.htm
　
@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ At 35MHz, the image compression performance is 35 Mpixel/s, which means the comp
* 用于压缩 **8bit** 的灰度图像。
* 可选**无损模式**，即 NEAR=0 。
* 可选**有损模式**，NEAR=1~7 可调。
* 图像宽度取值范围为 [5,16384]，高度取值范围为 [1,16384]。
* 图像宽度取值范围为 [5,16384]，高度取值范围为 [1,16383]。
* 极简流式输入输出。
　
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ parameter [2:0] NEAR
| i_e | 输入像素有效 | input | 1bit | 当 i_e=1 时，一个像素需要被输入到 i_x 上。 |
| i_x | 输入像素 | input | 8bit | 像素取值范围为 8'd0 ~ 8'd255 。 |
| o_e | 输出有效 | output | 1bit | 当 o_e=1 时，输出流数据产生在 o_data 上。 |
| o_data | 输出流数据 | output | 16bit | 大端序，o_data[15:8] 在先；o_data[7:0] 在后。 |
| o_data | 输出流数据 | output | 16bit | 小端序，o_data[7:0] 在先；o_data[15:8] 在后。 |
| o_last | 输出流末尾 | output | 1bit | 当 o_e=1 时若 o_last=1 ，说明这是一张图像的输出流的最后一个数据。 |
> 注：i_w 不能小于 14'd4 。
@ -241,11 +241,11 @@ parameter [2:0] NEAR
1. **复位**（可选）：令 rstn=0 至少 **1 个周期**进行复位，之后正常工作时都保持 rstn=1。实际上也可以不复位（即让 rstn 恒为1）。
2. **开始**：保持 i_sof=1 **至少 368 个周期**，同时在 i_w 和 i_h 信号上输入图像的宽度和高度，i_sof=1 期间 i_w 和 i_h 要一直保持有效。
3. **输入**：控制 i_e 和 i_x，从左到右，从上到下地输入该图像的所有像素。当 i_e=1 时，i_x 作为一个像素被输入。
4. **图像间空闲**：所有像素输入结束后，需要空闲**至少 16 个周期**不做任何动作（即 i_sof=0，i_e=0）。然后才能跳到第2步，开始下一个图像。
4. **图像间空闲**：所有像素输入结束后，需要空闲**至少 32 个周期**不做任何动作（即 i_sof=0，i_e=0）。然后才能跳到第2步，开始下一个图像。
i_sof=1 和 i_e=1 之间；以及 i_e=1 各自之间可以插入任意个空闲气泡（即， i_sof=0，i_e=0），这意味着我们可以断断续续地输入像素（当然，不插入任何气泡才能达到最高性能）。
下图展示了压缩 2 张图像的输入时序图（//代表省略若干周期，X代表don't care）。其中图像 1 在输入第一个像素后插入了 1 个气泡；而图像 2 在 i_sof=1 后插入了 1 个气泡。注意**图像间空闲**必须至少 **16 个周期**。
下图展示了压缩 2 张图像的输入时序图（//代表省略若干周期，X代表don't care）。其中图像 1 在输入第一个像素后插入了 1 个气泡；而图像 2 在 i_sof=1 后插入了 1 个气泡。注意**图像间空闲**必须至少 **32 个周期**。
__ __// __ __ __ __ //_ __ // __ __// __ __ __ // __
clk \__/ \__/ //_/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__// \__/ \__///\__/ \__/ //_/ \__/ \__/ \__///\__/ \_
@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ i_sof=1 和 i_e=1 之间；以及 i_e=1 各自之间可以插入任意个空闲
## 输出压缩流
在输入过程中，**jls_encoder** 同时会输出压缩好的 **JPEG-LS流**，该流构成了完整的 .jls 文件的内容（包括文件头部和尾部）。o_e=1 时，o_data 是一个有效输出数据。其中，o_data 遵循大端序，即 o_data[15:8] 在流中的位置靠前，o_data[7:0] 在流中的位置靠后。在每个图像的输出流遇到最后一个数据时，o_last=1 指示一张图像的压缩流结束。
在输入过程中，**jls_encoder** 同时会输出压缩好的 **JPEG-LS流**，该流构成了完整的 .jls 文件的内容（包括文件头部和尾部）。o_e=1 时，o_data 是一个有效输出数据。其中，o_data 遵循小端序，即 o_data[7:0] 在流中的位置靠前，o_data[15:8] 在流中的位置靠后。在每个图像的输出流遇到最后一个数据时，o_last=1 指示一张图像的压缩流结束。
　
@ -300,19 +300,19 @@ i_sof=1 和 i_e=1 之间；以及 i_e=1 各自之间可以插入任意个空闲
你可以试试用[该网站](https://filext.com/file-extension/JLS)来查看 .jls 文件（不过这个网站时常失效）。
如果该网站失效，可以用我提供的解压器 decoder.exe 来把它解压回 .pgm 文件再查看。请在 SIM 目录下用 CMD 运行命令：
如果该网站失效，可以用我提供的解压器 JPEGLSdec.exe 来把它解压回 .pgm 文件再查看。请在 SIM 目录下用 CMD 运行命令：
```powershell
.\decoder.exe <JLS_FILE_NAME> <PGM_FILE_NAME>
JPEGLSdec.exe <JLS_FILE_NAME> -o<PGM_FILE_NAME>
```
例如：
```powershell
.\decoder.exe test000.jls tmp.pgm
JPEGLSdec.exe test001.jls -otmp.pgm
```
> 注：decoder.exe 编译自 UBC 提供的 C 语言源码： http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~jakulin/jpeg-ls/mirror.htm
> 注：JPEGLSdec.exe 编译自 UBC 提供的 C 语言源码： http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~jakulin/jpeg-ls/mirror.htm
　

89
RTL/jls_encoder.v
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@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ module jls_encoder #(
input wire i_e, // input pixel enable
input wire [ 7:0] i_x, // input pixel
output wire o_e, // output data enable
output wire [15:0] o_data, // output data
output wire o_last // indicate the last output data of a image
output wire o_last, // indicate the last output data of a image
output wire [15:0] o_data // output data
);
@ -810,23 +810,27 @@ end
// pipeline stage j: jls stream generate
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reg j_sof;
reg j_eof;
reg j_e;
reg j_last;
reg [15:0] j_data;
reg[247:0] j_bbuf;
reg [ 7:0] j_bcnt;
reg [ 1:0] state_footer;
wire[15:0] jls_footer = 16'hFFD9;
reg [247:0] bbuf; // not real register
reg [ 7:0] bcnt; // not real register
always @ (posedge clk) begin
j_sof <= h_sof & rstn;
j_e <= 1'b0;
j_last <= 1'b0;
j_data <= 16'h0;
if(~rstn | h_sof) begin
j_eof <= 1'b0;
j_bbuf <= 248'd0;
j_bcnt <= 8'h0;
j_bcnt <= 8'd8;
state_footer <= 2'd0;
end else begin
bbuf = j_bbuf | ({h_bb,191'h0} >> j_bcnt);
bcnt = j_bcnt + {2'd0,h_bn};
@ -848,19 +852,29 @@ always @ (posedge clk) begin
bbuf = { bbuf[239:0], 8'h0};
bcnt = bcnt - 8'd8;
end
end else if(h_eof && bcnt > 8'd0) begin
j_e <= 1'b1;
j_data[15:8] <= bbuf[247:240];
if(bbuf[247:240] == 8'hFF)
j_data[ 7:0] <= {1'b0,bbuf[239:233]};
else
j_data[ 7:0] <= bbuf[239:232];
end else if(h_eof) begin
if (bcnt > 8'd0) begin
j_e <= 1'b1;
j_data[15:8] <= bbuf[247:240];
if (bbuf[247:240] == 8'hFF) begin
j_data[ 7:0] <= {1'b0,bbuf[239:233]};
end else if (bcnt > 8'd8) begin
j_data[ 7:0] <= bbuf[239:232];
end else begin
j_data[ 7:0] <= jls_footer[15:8];
state_footer <= 2'd1;
end
end else if (state_footer < 2'd2) begin
j_e <= 1'b1;
j_last <= 1'b1;
j_data <= (state_footer==2'd0) ? jls_footer : {jls_footer[7:0], 8'd0};
state_footer <= 2'd2;
end
bbuf = 248'd0;
bcnt = 8'd0;
end
j_bbuf <= bbuf;
j_bcnt <= bcnt;
j_eof <= h_eof;
end
end
@ -869,21 +883,19 @@ end
// make .jls file header and footer
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reg [15:0] jls_wl, jls_hl;
wire[15:0] jls_header [0:12];
wire[15:0] jls_header [0:11];
assign jls_header[0] = 16'hFFD8;
assign jls_header[1] = 16'h00FF;
assign jls_header[2] = 16'hF700;
assign jls_header[3] = 16'h0B08;
assign jls_header[4] = jls_hl;
assign jls_header[5] = jls_wl;
assign jls_header[6] = 16'h0101;
assign jls_header[7] = 16'h1100;
assign jls_header[8] = 16'hFFDA;
assign jls_header[9] = 16'h0008;
assign jls_header[10]= 16'h0101;
assign jls_header[11]= {13'b0,NEAR};
assign jls_header[12]= 16'h0000;
wire[15:0] jls_footer = 16'hFFD9;
assign jls_header[1] = 16'hFFF7;
assign jls_header[2] = 16'h000B;
assign jls_header[3] = {8'h08 , jls_hl[15:8]};
assign jls_header[4] = {jls_hl[7:0], jls_wl[15:8]};
assign jls_header[5] = {jls_wl[7:0], 8'h01};
assign jls_header[6] = 16'h0111;
assign jls_header[7] = 16'h00FF;
assign jls_header[8] = 16'hDA00;
assign jls_header[9] = 16'h0801;
assign jls_header[10]= 16'h0100;
assign jls_header[11]= {5'b0,NEAR, 8'h0};
always @ (posedge clk)
if(~rstn) begin
@ -899,38 +911,27 @@ always @ (posedge clk)
// pipeline stage k: add .jls file header and footer
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reg [3:0] k_header_i;
reg k_footer_i;
reg k_last;
reg k_e;
reg k_last;
reg [15:0] k_data;
always @ (posedge clk) begin
k_last <= 1'b0;
k_e <= 1'b0;
k_last <= 1'b0;
k_data <= 16'd0;
if(j_sof) begin
k_footer_i <= 1'b0;
if(k_header_i < 4'd13) begin
if(k_header_i < 4'd12) begin
k_e <= 1'b1;
k_data <= jls_header[k_header_i];
k_header_i <= k_header_i + 4'd1;
end
end else if(j_e) begin
k_header_i <= 4'd0;
k_footer_i <= 1'b0;
k_e <= 1'b1;
k_last <= j_last;
k_data <= j_data;
end else if(j_eof) begin
k_header_i <= 4'd0;
k_footer_i <= 1'b1;
if(~k_footer_i) begin
k_last <= 1'b1;
k_e <= 1'b1;
k_data <= jls_footer;
end
end else begin
k_header_i <= 4'd0;
k_footer_i <= 1'b0;
end
end
@ -948,9 +949,9 @@ always @ (posedge clk) // line buffer write
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// output signal
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
assign o_e = k_e;
assign o_last = k_last;
assign o_e = k_e;
assign o_data = k_data;
assign o_data = {k_data[7:0], k_data[15:8]};
endmodule

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@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
P5
5
1
255
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@ -0,0 +1,918 @@
P5
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SIM/tb_jls_encoder.v
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@ -10,19 +10,17 @@
`timescale 1ps/1ps
`define NEAR 1 // NEAR can be 0~7
`define NEAR 1 // NEAR can be 0~7
`define FILE_NO_FIRST 1 // first input file name is test000.pgm
`define FILE_NO_FINAL 8 // final input file name is test000.pgm
`define FILE_NO_FIRST 1 // first input file number
`define FILE_NO_FINAL 22 // final input file number
// bubble numbers that insert between pixels
// when = 0, do not insert bubble
// when > 0, insert BUBBLE_CONTROL bubbles
// when < 0, insert random 0~(-BUBBLE_CONTROL) bubbles
`define BUBBLE_CONTROL -2
`define BUBBLE_CONTROL (-1)
// the input and output file names' format
@ -32,18 +30,18 @@
`define INPUT_PGM_DIR "./images"
// output file (compressed .jls file) directory
`define OUTPUT_JLS_DIR "./"
`define OUTPUT_JLS_DIR "."
module tb_jls_encoder ();
initial $dumpvars(1, tb_jls_encoder);
//initial $dumpvars(1, tb_jls_encoder);
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// generate clock and reset
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reg rstn = 1'b0;
reg clk = 1'b0;
reg rstn = 1'b0;
reg clk = 1'b0;
always #50000 clk = ~clk; // 10MHz
initial begin repeat(4) @(posedge clk); rstn<=1'b1; end
@ -57,12 +55,12 @@ reg [13:0] i_h = 0;
reg i_e = 0;
reg [ 7:0] i_x = 0;
wire o_e;
wire[15:0] o_data;
wire o_last;
wire[15:0] o_data;
reg [7:0] img [4096*4096-1:0];
reg [7:0] img [8192*8192-1:0];
integer w = 0, h = 0;
task load_img;
@ -148,8 +146,8 @@ begin
i_x <= img[i];
end
// 16 cycles idle between images
repeat(16) @(posedge clk) {i_sof, i_w, i_h, i_e, i_x} <= 0;
// 32 cycles idle between images
repeat(32) @(posedge clk) {i_sof, i_w, i_h, i_e, i_x} <= 0;
end
endtask
@ -159,7 +157,7 @@ endtask
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
jls_encoder #(
.NEAR ( `NEAR )
) jls_encoder_i (
) u_jls_encoder (
.rstn ( rstn ),
.clk ( clk ),
.i_sof ( i_sof ),
@ -168,8 +166,8 @@ jls_encoder #(
.i_e ( i_e ),
.i_x ( i_x ),
.o_e ( o_e ),
.o_data ( o_data ),
.o_last ( o_last )
.o_last ( o_last ),
.o_data ( o_data )
);
@ -192,7 +190,7 @@ initial begin
load_img(input_file_name);
$display("%100s (%5dx%5d)", input_file_name, w, h);
if( w < 5 || w > 16384 || h < 1 || h > 16383 ) // image size not supported
if( w < 5 || w > 16384 || h < 1 || h > 16384 ) // image size not supported
$display(" *** image size not supported ***");
else
feed_img(`BUBBLE_CONTROL);
@ -207,9 +205,9 @@ end
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// write output stream to .jls files
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
logic [256*8:1] output_file_format;
reg [256*8:1] output_file_format;
initial $sformat(output_file_format, "%s\\%s.jls", `OUTPUT_JLS_DIR, `FILE_NAME_FORMAT);
logic [256*8:1] output_file_name;
reg [256*8:1] output_file_name;
integer opened = 0;
integer jls_file = 0;
@ -224,7 +222,7 @@ always @ (posedge clk)
// write data to file.
if(opened != 0 && jls_file != 0)
$fwrite(jls_file, "%c%c", o_data[15:8], o_data[7:0]);
$fwrite(jls_file, "%c%c", o_data[7:0], o_data[15:8]);
// if it is the last data of an output stream, close the file.
if(o_last) begin