#!/bin/bash echo "$0 - 2021 Dave Bechtel - make a ZFS DRAID pool" echo "- pass arg1='reset' to destroy test pool" echo "- pass arg1='fail' and arg2=dev2fail to simulate failure" # Requires at least zfs 2.1.0 DBI=/dev/disk/by-id # total disks for pool / children td=24 # raidz level rzl=2 # spares spr=2 # TODO EDITME zp=zdraidtest function zps () { zpool status -v |awk 'NF>0' } #pooldisks=$(echo /dev/sd{b..y}) pooldisks1=$(echo /dev/sd{b..m}) pooldisks2=$(echo /dev/sd{n..y}) pooldisks=$pooldisks1' '$pooldisks2 # need entire set for reset # sdb sdc sdd sde sdf sdg sdh sdi sdj sdk sdl sdm sdn sdo sdp sdq sdr sds sdt sdu sdv sdw sdx sdy # extending to 32 disks #pooldisks2=$(echo /dev/sda{a..h}) #sdaa sdab sdac sdad sdae sdaf sdag sdah # failexit.mrg function failexit () { echo '! Something failed! Code: '"$1 $2" # code # (and optional description) exit $1 } if [ "$1" = "reset" ]; then zpool destroy $zp for d in $pooldisks; do echo -e -n "o Clearing label for disk $d \r" zpool labelclear "$d"1 done echo '' zpool status -v exit; # early fi if [ "$1" = "fail" ]; then echo "$(date) - Simulating disk failure for $(ls -l $DBI |grep $2)" echo offline > /sys/block/$2/device/state cat /sys/block/$2/device/state time dd if=/dev/urandom of=/$zp/^^tmpfileDELME bs=1M count=1; sync # force a write; if not work, try scrub zps exit; # early fi # zpool create draid[][:d][:c][:s] # ex: draid2:4d:1s:11c ( set -x time zpool create -o ashift=12 -o autoexpand=on -O atime=off -O compression=zstd-3 \ $zp \ draid$rzl:8d:12'c':$spr's' $pooldisks1 \ draid$rzl:8d:12'c':$spr's' $pooldisks2 \ || failexit 101 "Failed to create DRAID" ) # The below will not work: gets error # "requested number of dRAID data disks per group 10 is too high, at most 8 disks are available for data" #( set -x #time zpool create -o ashift=12 -o autoexpand=on -O atime=off -O compression=zstd-3 \ # $zp \ # draid$rzl:10d:12'c':$spr's' $pooldisks1 \ # draid$rzl:10d:12'c':$spr's' $pooldisks2 \ #|| failexit 101 "Failed to create DRAID" #) # requires external script in the same PATH zfs-newds-zstd.sh 11 $zp shrcompr zfs-newds-zstd.sh 10 $zp notshrcompr zps zpool list zfs list df -hT |egrep 'ilesystem|zfs' echo "NOTE - best practice is to export the pool and # zpool import -a -d $DBI" date exit; # REFS: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/Basic%20Concepts/dRAID%20Howto.html https://www.reddit.com/r/zfs/comments/lnoh7v/im_trying_to_understand_how_draid_works_but_im/ https://insider-voice.com/a-deep-dive-into-the-new-openzfs-2-1-distributed-raid-topology/ https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1uo0nBfY84HIhEqGWEx-Tbm8fPbJKtIP3ICo4toOPcJo/edit#slide=id.g9d6b9fd59f_0_27 Group size must divide evenly into draid size E.g., 30 drives can only support 3 drive group 5 drive group 10 drive group 15 drive group Only need to specify group size at creation Group Size - the number of pieces the data is partitioned into plus the amount of parity o The amount of parity determines the redundancy o The number of data pieces determines the overhead dRAID Size - the number of drives used for data (Does not include spare drives) ----- # make a draid with x2 VDEVs, 5 data disks, 12 children, 2 spares # zpool create -o ashift=12 -o autoexpand=on -O atime=off -O compression=zstd-3 zdraidtest \ draid2:5d:12c:2s \ /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf /dev/sdg /dev/sdh /dev/sdi /dev/sdj /dev/sdk /dev/sdl /dev/sdm \ draid2:5d:12c:2s \ /dev/sdn /dev/sdo /dev/sdp /dev/sdq /dev/sdr /dev/sds /dev/sdt /dev/sdu /dev/sdv /dev/sdw /dev/sdx /dev/sdy real 0m3.247s + zfs create -o atime=off -o compression=zstd-3 -o sharesmb=on -o xattr=sa -o recordsize=1024k zdraidtest/shrcompr cannot share 'zdraidtest/shrcompr: system error': SMB share creation failed filesystem successfully created, but not shared changed ownership of '/zdraidtest/shrcompr' from root to user + zfs create -o atime=off -o compression=zstd-3 -o sharesmb=off -o recordsize=1024k zdraidtest/notshrcompr changed ownership of '/zdraidtest/notshrcompr' from root to user Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on zdraidtest/notshrcompr zfs 24T 1.0M 24T 1% /zdraidtest/notshrcompr pool: zdraidtest state: ONLINE config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zdraidtest ONLINE 0 0 0 draid2:5d:12c:2s-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 sdb ONLINE 0 0 0 sdc ONLINE 0 0 0 sdd ONLINE 0 0 0 sde ONLINE 0 0 0 sdf ONLINE 0 0 0 sdg ONLINE 0 0 0 sdh ONLINE 0 0 0 sdi ONLINE 0 0 0 sdj ONLINE 0 0 0 sdk ONLINE 0 0 0 sdl ONLINE 0 0 0 sdm ONLINE 0 0 0 draid2:5d:12c:2s-1 ONLINE 0 0 0 sdn ONLINE 0 0 0 sdo ONLINE 0 0 0 sdp ONLINE 0 0 0 sdq ONLINE 0 0 0 sdr ONLINE 0 0 0 sds ONLINE 0 0 0 sdt ONLINE 0 0 0 sdu ONLINE 0 0 0 sdv ONLINE 0 0 0 sdw ONLINE 0 0 0 sdx ONLINE 0 0 0 sdy ONLINE 0 0 0 spares draid2-0-0 AVAIL draid2-0-1 AVAIL draid2-1-0 AVAIL draid2-1-1 AVAIL errors: No known data errors NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT zdraidtest 36.4T 7.63M 36.4T - - 0% 0% 1.00x ONLINE - NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT zdraidtest 3.96M 23.6T 438K /zdraidtest zdraidtest/notshrcompr 438K 23.6T 438K /zdraidtest/notshrcompr zdraidtest/shrcompr 438K 23.6T 438K /zdraidtest/shrcompr Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on zdraidtest zfs 24T 512K 24T 1% /zdraidtest zdraidtest/shrcompr zfs 24T 1.0M 24T 1% /zdraidtest/shrcompr zdraidtest/notshrcompr zfs 24T 1.0M 24T 1% /zdraidtest/notshrcompr NOTE - best practice is to export the pool and # zpool import -a -d /dev/disk/by-id ----- A different iteration: 8 Data disks, 12 children, 2 spares - gives more space and should allow more disks to fail: + zpool create -o ashift=12 -o autoexpand=on -O atime=off -O compression=zstd-3 \ zdraidtest \ draid2:8d:12c:2s \ /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf /dev/sdg /dev/sdh /dev/sdi /dev/sdj /dev/sdk /dev/sdl /dev/sdm \ draid2:8d:12c:2s \ /dev/sdn /dev/sdo /dev/sdp /dev/sdq /dev/sdr /dev/sds /dev/sdt /dev/sdu /dev/sdv /dev/sdw /dev/sdx /dev/sdy real 0m3.403s + zfs create -o atime=off -o compression=zstd-3 -o sharesmb=on -o xattr=sa -o recordsize=1024k zdraidtest/shrcompr cannot share 'zdraidtest/shrcompr: system error': SMB share creation failed filesystem successfully created, but not shared changed ownership of '/zdraidtest/shrcompr' from root to user Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on zdraidtest/shrcompr zfs 29T 1.0M 29T 1% /zdraidtest/shrcompr + zfs create -o atime=off -o compression=zstd-3 -o sharesmb=off -o recordsize=1024k zdraidtest/notshrcompr changed ownership of '/zdraidtest/notshrcompr' from root to user Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on zdraidtest/notshrcompr zfs 29T 1.0M 29T 1% /zdraidtest/notshrcompr pool: zdraidtest state: ONLINE config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zdraidtest ONLINE 0 0 0 draid2:8d:12c:2s-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 sdb ONLINE 0 0 0 sdc ONLINE 0 0 0 sdd ONLINE 0 0 0 sde ONLINE 0 0 0 sdf ONLINE 0 0 0 sdg ONLINE 0 0 0 sdh ONLINE 0 0 0 sdi ONLINE 0 0 0 sdj ONLINE 0 0 0 sdk ONLINE 0 0 0 sdl ONLINE 0 0 0 sdm ONLINE 0 0 0 draid2:8d:12c:2s-1 ONLINE 0 0 0 sdn ONLINE 0 0 0 sdo ONLINE 0 0 0 sdp ONLINE 0 0 0 sdq ONLINE 0 0 0 sdr ONLINE 0 0 0 sds ONLINE 0 0 0 sdt ONLINE 0 0 0 sdu ONLINE 0 0 0 sdv ONLINE 0 0 0 sdw ONLINE 0 0 0 sdx ONLINE 0 0 0 sdy ONLINE 0 0 0 spares draid2-0-0 AVAIL draid2-0-1 AVAIL draid2-1-0 AVAIL draid2-1-1 AVAIL errors: No known data errors NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CKPOINT EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT zdraidtest 36.4T 10.7M 36.4T - - 0% 0% 1.00x ONLINE - NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT zdraidtest 6.65M 28.9T 767K /zdraidtest zdraidtest/notshrcompr 767K 28.9T 767K /zdraidtest/notshrcompr zdraidtest/shrcompr 767K 28.9T 767K /zdraidtest/shrcompr Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on zdraidtest zfs 29T 768K 29T 1% /zdraidtest zdraidtest/shrcompr zfs 29T 1.0M 29T 1% /zdraidtest/shrcompr zdraidtest/notshrcompr zfs 29T 1.0M 29T 1% /zdraidtest/notshrcompr ----- NOTE if you simulate/take a drive offline, you cant just "echo online" to it later, that wont bring it back up! try rescan-scsi-bus.sh or reboot FIX: if a drive is offline, replace it temporarily with a builtin spare: # zpool replace zdraidtest sdd draid2-0-0 # zps pool: zdraidtest state: DEGRADED status: One or more devices could not be used because the label is missing or invalid. Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a degraded state. action: Replace the device using 'zpool replace'. see: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/msg/ZFS-8000-4J scan: resilvered 0B in 00:00:00 with 0 errors on Sat Jul 3 14:43:51 2021 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zdraidtest DEGRADED 0 0 0 draid2:5d:24c:2s-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0 sdb ONLINE 0 0 0 sdc ONLINE 0 0 0 spare-2 DEGRADED 0 0 0 sdd UNAVAIL 0 0 0 draid2-0-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 sde ONLINE 0 0 0 sdf ONLINE 0 0 0 sdg ONLINE 0 0 0 sdh ONLINE 0 0 0 sdi ONLINE 0 0 0 sdj ONLINE 0 0 0 sdk ONLINE 0 0 0 sdl ONLINE 0 0 0 sdm ONLINE 0 0 0 sdn ONLINE 0 0 0 sdo ONLINE 0 0 0 sdp ONLINE 0 0 0 sdq ONLINE 0 0 0 sdr ONLINE 0 0 0 sds ONLINE 0 0 0 sdt ONLINE 0 0 0 sdu ONLINE 0 0 0 sdv ONLINE 0 0 0 sdw ONLINE 0 0 0 sdx ONLINE 0 0 0 sdy ONLINE 0 0 0 spares draid2-0-0 INUSE currently in use draid2-0-1 AVAIL errors: No known data errors HOWTO fix the above situation with the same disk (you rebooted / it came back online) and decouple the in-use spare: zpool export -a fdisk -l /dev/sdd # scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbcc6c97e-f68b8368 zpool labelclear /dev/sdd zpool labelclear -f /dev/sdd1 zpool import -a zpool status -v # This will show a degraded pool with a missing disk # This wont work but gives useful info: zpool replace zdraidtest spare-2 scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbcc6c97e-f68b8368 # got error, use detach zpool detach zdraidtest 2582498653363374334 # this was listed as UNAVAIL with the spare in-use underneath it zpool status -v # should now show only the spare where sdd was # we labelcleared it so it should be ready for re-use; # if you want to be really thorough you can DD zeros to the entire drive but not really necessary zpool replace zdraidtest draid2-0-0 scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBbcc6c97e-f68b8368 # same disk (sdd) but labelcleared zpool status -v