diff --git a/docs/community/newDiagram.md b/docs/community/newDiagram.md
index da86f9838..e49dd3749 100644
--- a/docs/community/newDiagram.md
+++ b/docs/community/newDiagram.md
@@ -214,7 +214,9 @@ The functions for setting title and description are provided by a common module.
       clear as commonClear,
     } from '../../commonDb';
 
-For rendering the accessibility tags you have again an existing function you can use.
+Starting with Mermaid version, the accessibility tags are inserted into the SVG element in the `render` function in mermaidAPI.
+
+In version \_\_\_ and before, you need to insert the accessibility tags in your renderer:
 
 **In the renderer:**
 
diff --git a/docs/config/setup/modules/mermaidAPI.md b/docs/config/setup/modules/mermaidAPI.md
index 0acfe4f97..baa4a939c 100644
--- a/docs/config/setup/modules/mermaidAPI.md
+++ b/docs/config/setup/modules/mermaidAPI.md
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ mermaid.initialize(config);
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:949](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L949)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:960](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L960)
 
 ## Functions
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ Return the last node appended
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:292](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L292)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:294](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L294)
 
 ---
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ the cleaned up svgCode
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:243](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L243)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:245](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L245)
 
 ---
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ the string with all the user styles
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:170](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L170)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:172](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L172)
 
 ---
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ the string with all the user styles
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:220](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L220)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:222](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L222)
 
 ---
 
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ with an enclosing block that has each of the cssClasses followed by !important;
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:154](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L154)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:156](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L156)
 
 ---
 
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ with an enclosing block that has each of the cssClasses followed by !important;
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:128](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L128)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:130](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L130)
 
 ---
 
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ with an enclosing block that has each of the cssClasses followed by !important;
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:99](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L99)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:101](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L101)
 
 ---
 
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ Put the svgCode into an iFrame. Return the iFrame code
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:271](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L271)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:273](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L273)
 
 ---
 
@@ -305,4 +305,4 @@ Remove any existing elements from the given document
 
 #### Defined in
 
-[mermaidAPI.ts:343](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L343)
+[mermaidAPI.ts:345](https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/blob/master/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts#L345)
diff --git a/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.spec.ts b/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.spec.ts
index 786b163c4..fcc547546 100644
--- a/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.spec.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,38 @@
 'use strict';
 import { vi } from 'vitest';
 
+// -------------------------------------
+//  Mocks and mocking
+
+import { MockedD3 } from './tests/MockedD3';
+
+// Note: If running this directly from within an IDE, the mocks directory must be at packages/mermaid/mocks
+vi.mock('d3');
+vi.mock('dagre-d3');
+
+// mermaidAPI.spec.ts:
+import * as accessibility from './accessibility'; // Import it this way so we can use spyOn(accessibility,...)
+vi.mock('./accessibility', () => ({
+  setA11yDiagramInfo: vi.fn(),
+  addSVGa11yTitleDescription: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+// Mock the renderers specifically so we can test render(). Need to mock draw() for each renderer
+vi.mock('./diagrams/c4/c4Renderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/class/classRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/class/classRenderer-v2');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/er/erRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/flowchart/flowRenderer-v2');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/git/gitGraphRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/gantt/ganttRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/user-journey/journeyRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/pie/pieRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/requirement/requirementRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/sequence/sequenceRenderer');
+vi.mock('./diagrams/state/stateRenderer-v2');
+
+// -------------------------------------
+
 import mermaid from './mermaid';
 import { MermaidConfig } from './config.type';
 
@@ -37,7 +69,10 @@ vi.mock('stylis', () => {
 });
 import { compile, serialize } from 'stylis';
 
-import { MockedD3 } from './tests/MockedD3';
+/**
+ * @see https://vitest.dev/guide/mocking.html Mock part of a module
+ * To investigate how to mock just some methods from a module - call the actual implementation and then mock others, e.g. so they can be spied on
+ */
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -335,7 +370,8 @@ describe('mermaidAPI', function () {
             const htmlElements = ['> *', 'span'];
 
             it('creates CSS styles for every style and textStyle in every classDef', () => {
-              // @todo TODO Can't figure out how to spy on the cssImportantStyles method. That would be a much better approach than manually checking the result
+              // @todo TODO Can't figure out how to spy on the cssImportantStyles method.
+              //   That would be a much better approach than manually checking the result
 
               const styles = createCssStyles(mocked_config, graphType, classDefs);
               htmlElements.forEach((htmlElement) => {
@@ -373,7 +409,7 @@ describe('mermaidAPI', function () {
             const htmlElements = ['rect', 'polygon', 'ellipse', 'circle'];
 
             it('creates CSS styles for every style and textStyle in every classDef', () => {
-              // @todo TODO Can't figure out how to spy on the cssImportantStyles method. That would be a much better approach than manually checking the result
+              // TODO Can't figure out how to spy on the cssImportantStyles method. That would be a much better approach than manually checking the result.
 
               const styles = createCssStyles(mocked_config_no_htmlLabels, graphType, classDefs);
               htmlElements.forEach((htmlElement) => {
@@ -510,7 +546,7 @@ describe('mermaidAPI', function () {
       expect(config.testLiteral).toBe(true);
     });
 
-    it('copies a an object into the configuration', function () {
+    it('copies an object into the configuration', function () {
       const orgConfig: any = mermaidAPI.getConfig();
       expect(orgConfig.testObject).toBe(undefined);
 
@@ -616,6 +652,7 @@ describe('mermaidAPI', function () {
       expect(mermaidAPI.defaultConfig['logLevel']).toBe(5);
     });
   });
+
   describe('dompurify config', function () {
     it('allows dompurify config to be set', function () {
       mermaidAPI.initialize({ dompurifyConfig: { ADD_ATTR: ['onclick'] } });
@@ -623,6 +660,7 @@ describe('mermaidAPI', function () {
       expect(mermaidAPI!.getConfig()!.dompurifyConfig!.ADD_ATTR).toEqual(['onclick']);
     });
   });
+
   describe('parse', function () {
     mermaid.parseError = undefined; // ensure it parseError undefined
     it('throws for an invalid definition (with no mermaid.parseError() defined)', function () {
@@ -646,4 +684,54 @@ describe('mermaidAPI', function () {
       expect(mermaidAPI.parse('graph TD;A--x|text including URL space|B;')).toEqual(true);
     });
   });
+
+  describe('render', () => {
+    // These are more like integration tests right now because nothing is mocked.
+    // But it is faster that a cypress test and there's no real reason to actually evaluate an image pixel by pixel.
+
+    // render(id, text, cb?, svgContainingElement?)
+
+    // Test all diagram types.  Note that old flowchart 'graph' type will invoke the flowRenderer-v2. (See the flowchart v2 detector.)
+    // We have to have both the specific textDiagramType and the expected type name because the expected type may be slightly different than was is put in the diagram text (ex: in -v2 diagrams)
+    const diagramTypesAndExpectations = [
+      { textDiagramType: 'C4Context', expectedType: 'c4' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'classDiagram', expectedType: 'classDiagram' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'classDiagram-v2', expectedType: 'classDiagram' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'erDiagram', expectedType: 'er' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'graph', expectedType: 'flowchart-v2' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'flowchart', expectedType: 'flowchart-v2' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'gitGraph', expectedType: 'gitGraph' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'gantt', expectedType: 'gantt' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'journey', expectedType: 'journey' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'pie', expectedType: 'pie' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'requirementDiagram', expectedType: 'requirement' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'sequenceDiagram', expectedType: 'sequence' },
+      { textDiagramType: 'stateDiagram-v2', expectedType: 'stateDiagram' },
+    ];
+
+    describe('accessibility', () => {
+      const id = 'mermaid-fauxId';
+      const a11yTitle = 'a11y title';
+      const a11yDescr = 'a11y description';
+
+      diagramTypesAndExpectations.forEach((testedDiagram) => {
+        describe(`${testedDiagram.textDiagramType}`, () => {
+          const diagramType = testedDiagram.textDiagramType;
+          const diagramText = `${diagramType}\n accTitle: ${a11yTitle}\n accDescr: ${a11yDescr}\n`;
+          const expectedDiagramType = testedDiagram.expectedType;
+
+          it('aria-roledscription is set to the diagram type, addSVGa11yTitleDescription is called', () => {
+            const a11yDiagramInfo_spy = vi.spyOn(accessibility, 'setA11yDiagramInfo');
+            const a11yTitleDesc_spy = vi.spyOn(accessibility, 'addSVGa11yTitleDescription');
+            mermaidAPI.render(id, diagramText);
+            expect(a11yDiagramInfo_spy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+              expect.anything(),
+              expectedDiagramType
+            );
+            expect(a11yTitleDesc_spy).toHaveBeenCalled();
+          });
+        });
+      });
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts b/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts
index 0df1da305..18076b488 100644
--- a/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts
+++ b/packages/mermaid/src/mermaidAPI.ts
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ import utils, { directiveSanitizer } from './utils';
 import DOMPurify from 'dompurify';
 import { MermaidConfig } from './config.type';
 import { evaluate } from './diagrams/common/common';
+import { setA11yDiagramInfo, addSVGa11yTitleDescription } from './accessibility';
+
 import { isEmpty } from 'lodash';
 
 // diagram names that support classDef statements
@@ -487,12 +489,13 @@ const render = function (
     parseEncounteredException = error;
   }
 
-  // Get the temporary div element containing the svg
+  // Get the temporary div element containing the svg (the parent HTML Element)
   const element = root.select(enclosingDivID_selector).node();
   const graphType = diag.type;
 
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Create and insert the styles (user styles, theme styles, config styles)
+  //  These are dealing with HTML Elements, not d3 nodes.
 
   // Insert an element into svg. This is where we put the styles
   const svg = element.firstChild;
@@ -509,6 +512,7 @@ const render = function (
     idSelector
   );
 
+  // svg is a HTML element (not a d3 node)
   const style1 = document.createElement('style');
   style1.innerHTML = `${idSelector} ` + rules;
   svg.insertBefore(style1, firstChild);
@@ -522,6 +526,13 @@ const render = function (
     throw e;
   }
 
+  // This is the d3 node for the svg element
+  const svgNode = root.select(`${enclosingDivID_selector} svg`);
+  setA11yDiagramInfo(svgNode, graphType);
+  const a11yTitle = diag.db.getAccTitle !== undefined ? diag.db.getAccTitle() : null;
+  const a11yDescr = diag.db.getAccDescription !== undefined ? diag.db.getAccDescription() : null;
+  addSVGa11yTitleDescription(svgNode, a11yTitle, a11yDescr, svgNode.attr('id'));
+
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Clean up SVG code
   root.select(`[id="${id}"]`).selectAll('foreignobject > *').attr('xmlns', XMLNS_XHTML_STD);
@@ -763,7 +774,7 @@ const renderAsync = async function (
   attachFunctions();
 
   // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Remove the temporary element if appropriate
+  // Remove the temporary HTML element if appropriate
   const tmpElementSelector = isSandboxed ? iFrameID_selector : enclosingDivID_selector;
   const node = select(tmpElementSelector).node();
   if (node && 'remove' in node) {