qpcpp/include/qxthread.h
2018-03-19 14:51:26 -04:00

241 lines
8.7 KiB
C++

/// @file
/// @brief QXK/C++ extended (blocking) thread
/// @ingroup qxk
/// @cond
///***************************************************************************
/// Last updated for version 6.2.0
/// Last updated on 2018-03-16
///
/// Q u a n t u m L e a P s
/// ---------------------------
/// innovating embedded systems
///
/// Copyright (C) 2002-2018 Quantum Leaps. All rights reserved.
///
/// This program is open source software: you can redistribute it and/or
/// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
/// by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
/// (at your option) any later version.
///
/// Alternatively, this program may be distributed and modified under the
/// terms of Quantum Leaps commercial licenses, which expressly supersede
/// the GNU General Public License and are specifically designed for
/// licensees interested in retaining the proprietary status of their code.
///
/// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
/// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
/// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
/// GNU General Public License for more details.
///
/// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
/// along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
///
/// Contact information:
/// https://www.state-machine.com
/// mailto:info@state-machine.com
///***************************************************************************
/// @endcond
#ifndef qxthread_h
#define qxthread_h
//! no-timeout sepcification when blocking on queues or semaphores
#define QXTHREAD_NO_TIMEOUT (static_cast<uint_fast16_t>(0))
namespace QP {
class QXThread; // forward declaration
//! Thread handler pointer-to-function
typedef void (*QXThreadHandler)(QXThread * const me);
//****************************************************************************
//! Extended (blocking) thread of the QXK preemptive kernel
/// @description
/// QP::QXThread represents the extended (blocking) thread of the QXK kernel.
/// Each blocking thread in the application must be represented by the
/// corresponding QP::QXThread instance
///
/// @note
/// Typically QP::QXThread is instantiated directly in the application code.
/// The customization of the thread occurs in the constructor, where you
/// provide the thred-handler function as the parameter.
///
/// @sa QP::QActive
///
/// @usage
/// The following example illustrates how to instantiate a "naked" thread
/// in your application.
/// @include qf_qxthread.cpp
///
class QXThread : public QActive {
public:
//! public constructor
QXThread(QXThreadHandler const handler,
uint_fast8_t const tickRate = static_cast<uint_fast8_t>(0));
//! delay (block) the current extended thread for a specified # ticks
static bool delay(uint_fast16_t const nTicks);
//! cancel the delay
bool delayCancel(void);
//! obtain a message from the private message queue (block if no messages)
static QEvt const *queueGet(
uint_fast16_t const nTicks = QXTHREAD_NO_TIMEOUT);
// virtual function overrides...
//! Executes the top-most initial transition in QP::QMsm.
virtual void init(QEvt const * const e);
virtual void init(void) { this->init(static_cast<QEvt const *>(0)); }
//! Dispatches an event to QMsm
virtual void dispatch(QEvt const * const e);
//! Starts execution of an extended thread and registers the thread
//! with the framework.
virtual void start(uint_fast8_t const prio,
QEvt const *qSto[], uint_fast16_t const qLen,
void * const stkSto, uint_fast16_t const stkSize,
QEvt const * const ie);
//! Overloaded start function (no initialization event)
virtual void start(uint_fast8_t const prio,
QEvt const *qSto[], uint_fast16_t const qLen,
void * const stkSto, uint_fast16_t const stkSize)
{
this->start(prio, qSto, qLen, stkSto, stkSize,
static_cast<QEvt const *>(0));
}
#ifndef Q_SPY
//! Posts an event @p e directly to the event queue of the extended
//! thread @p me using the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) policy.
virtual bool post_(QEvt const * const e, uint_fast16_t const margin);
#else
virtual bool post_(QEvt const * const e, uint_fast16_t const margin,
void const * const sender);
#endif
//! Posts an event directly to the event queue of the active object
//! using the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) policy.
virtual void postLIFO(QEvt const * const e);
//! get the blocking object for this thread (NULL if not blocked)
void const *getBlockingObj(void) const {
return m_temp.obj;
}
private:
void block_(void) const;
void unblock_(void) const;
void teArm_(enum_t const sig, uint_fast16_t const nTicks);
bool teDisarm_(void);
// attributes...
QTimeEvt m_timeEvt;
// friendships...
friend class QXSemaphore;
friend class QXMutex;
};
//****************************************************************************
//! Counting Semaphore of the QXK preemptive kernel
///
/// @description
/// ::QXSemaphore is a blocking mechanism intended primarily for signaling
/// @ref ::QXThread "extended threads". The semaphore is initialized with
/// the maximum count (see QXSemaphore::init()), which allows you to create
/// a binary semaphore (when the maximum count is 1) and
/// counting semaphore when the maximum count is > 1.
///
/// @usage
/// The following example illustrates how to instantiate the semaphore
/// in your application.
/// @include qf_qxsema.cpp
///
class QXSemaphore {
public:
//! initialize the counting semaphore
void init(uint_fast16_t const count,
uint_fast16_t const max_count
= static_cast<uint_fast16_t>(0xFFFF));
//! wait (block) on the semaphore
bool wait(uint_fast16_t const nTicks = QXTHREAD_NO_TIMEOUT);
//! try wait on the semaphore (non-blocking)
bool tryWait(void);
//! signal (unblock) the semaphore
bool signal(void);
private:
QPSet m_waitSet; //!< set of extended threads waiting on this semaphore
uint16_t volatile m_count;
uint16_t m_max_count;
};
//****************************************************************************
//! Priority Ceiling Mutex the QXK preemptive kernel
///
/// @description
/// ::QXMutex is a blocking mutual exclusion mechanism that can also apply
/// the **priority ceiling protocol** to avoid unbounded priority inversion
/// (if initialized with a non-zero ceiling priority, see QXMutex::init()).
/// In that case, ::QXMutex requires its own uinque QP priority level, which
/// cannot be used by any thread or any other ::QXMutex.
/// If initialzied with zero ceiling priority, ::QXMutex does **not** use the
/// priority ceiling protocol and does not require a unique QP priority
/// (see QXMutex::init()).
/// ::QXMutex is **recursive** (reentrant), which means that it can be locked
/// mutiliple times (up to 255 levels) by the *same* thread without causing
/// deadlock.
/// ::QXMutex is primarily intended for the @ref ::QXThread
/// "extened (blocking) threads", but can also be used by the @ref ::QActive
/// "basic threads" through the non-blocking QXMutex::tryLock() API.
///
/// @note
/// ::QXMutex should be used in situations when at least one of the extended
/// threads contending for the mutex blocks while holding the mutex (between
/// the QXMutex::lock() and QXMutex::unlock() operations). If no blocking is
/// needed while holding the mutex, the more efficient non-blocking mechanism
/// of @ref QXK_schedLock() "selective QXK scheduler locking" should be used
/// instead. @ref QXK_schedLock() "Selective scheduler locking" is available
/// for both @ref ::QActive "basic threads" and @ref ::QXThread "extended
/// threads", so it is applicable to situations where resources are shared
/// among all these threads.
///
/// @usage
/// The following example illustrates how to instantiate the mutex
/// in your application.
/// @include qf_mutex.cpp
///
class QXMutex {
public:
//! initialize the QXK priority-ceiling mutex QP::QXMutex
void init(uint_fast8_t const ceiling);
//! lock the QXK priority-ceiling mutex QP::QXMutex
bool lock(uint_fast16_t const nTicks = QXTHREAD_NO_TIMEOUT);
//! try to lock the QXK priority-ceiling mutex QP::QXMutex
bool tryLock(void);
//! unlock the QXK priority-ceiling mutex QP::QXMutex
void unlock(void);
private:
QPSet m_waitSet; //!< set of extended-threads waiting on this mutex
uint8_t volatile m_lockNest;
uint8_t volatile m_holderPrio;
uint8_t m_ceiling;
};
} // namespace QP
#endif // qxthread_h