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https://github.com/thp/pyotherside.git
synced 2025-01-17 23:22:53 +08:00
Improved PyGLArea documentation, added example.
This commit is contained in:
Dennis Tomas
parent
eef5266555
commit
873d168444
198
docs/index.rst
198
docs/index.rst
@ -525,6 +525,40 @@ deleted (there's no way for PyOtherSide to prevent referenced QObjects from
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being deleted, but PyOtherSide tries hard to detect the deletion of objects
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and give meaningful error messages in case the reference is accessed).
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OpenGL rendering in Python
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==========================
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You can render directly to a QML application's OpenGL context in your Python
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code (i.e. via PyOpenGL or vispy.gloo) by using a ``PyGLArea`` item with the
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following properties:
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**before**
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Whether to draw the ``PyGLArea`` before (under) or after (over) the scene.
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Defaults to ``false``.
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**renderer**
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Reference to a python object providing the ``IRenderer`` interface:
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.. function:: IRenderer.init()
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Initialize OpenGL resources required for rendering.
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This method is optional.
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.. function:: IRenderer.render(x, y, width, height)
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Render within the given area.
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It is the renderer's responsibility to confine itself to that area.
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Also, it must unbind any used resources to leave the context in a clean
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state.
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``(x, y)`` is the position of the bottom left corner of the area, in
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window coordinates, e.g. (0, 0) is the bottom left corner of the window.
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.. function:: IRenderer.cleanup()
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Free any resources allocated by :func:`IRenderer.init`.
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This method is optional.
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Cookbook
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========
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@ -864,17 +898,94 @@ This module can now be imported in QML and used as ``source`` in the QML
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}
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}
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OpenGL rendering in Python
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==========================
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Rendering with PyOpenGL
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-----------------------
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You can render directly to Qt's OpenGL context in your Python code (i.e. via
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PyOpenGL or vispy.gloo) using a ``PyGLArea`` item and supplying a ``renderer``
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which must provide a ``render()`` method and may optionally provide ``init()``
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and ``cleanup()`` methods.
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The ``before`` property controls whether to render before or after the QML
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scene is rendered.
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The example below shows how to do raw OpenGL rendering in PyOpenGL using a
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PyGLArea. It has been adapted from the tutorial in the Qt documentation at
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http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5/qtquick-scenegraph-openglunderqml-example.html.
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**rendergl.qml**
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**pyglarea.py**
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.. code-block:: python
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import numpy
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from OpenGL.GL import *
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from OpenGL.GL.shaders import compileShader, compileProgram
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VERTEX_SHADER = """#version 130
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attribute highp vec4 vertices;
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varying highp vec2 coords;
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void main() {
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gl_Position = vertices;
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coords = vertices.xy;
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}
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"""
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FRAGMENT_SHADER = """#version 130
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uniform lowp float t;
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varying highp vec2 coords;
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void main() {
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lowp float i = 1. - (pow(abs(coords.x), 4.) + pow(abs(coords.y), 4.));
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i = smoothstep(t - 0.8, t + 0.8, i);
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i = floor(i * 20.) / 20.;
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gl_FragColor = vec4(coords * .5 + .5, i, i);
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}
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"""
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class Renderer(object):
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def __init__(self):
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self.t = 0.0
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self.values = numpy.array([
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-1.0, -1.0,
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1.0, -1.0,
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-1.0, 1.0,
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1.0, 1.0
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], dtype=numpy.float32)
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def set_t(self, t):
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self.t = t
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def init(self):
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self.vertexbuffer = glGenBuffers(1)
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vertex_shader = compileShader(VERTEX_SHADER, GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
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fragment_shader = compileShader(FRAGMENT_SHADER, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
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self.program = compileProgram(vertex_shader, fragment_shader)
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self.vertices_attr = glGetAttribLocation(self.program, b'vertices')
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self.t_attr = glGetUniformLocation(self.program, b't')
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def render(self, x, y, width, height):
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glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
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glLoadIdentity()
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glViewport(x, y, width, height)
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glUseProgram(self.program)
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try:
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glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
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glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1)
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glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)
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glEnable(GL_BLEND)
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glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE)
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.vertexbuffer)
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glEnableVertexAttribArray(self.vertices_attr)
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glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.values, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
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glVertexAttribPointer(self.vertices_attr, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, None)
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glUniform1f(self.t_attr, self.t)
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glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4)
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finally:
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glDisableVertexAttribArray(0)
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0)
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glUseProgram(0)
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def cleanup(self):
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glDeleteProgram(self.program)
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glDeleteBuffers(1, [self.vertexbuffer])
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**pyglarea.qml**
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.. code-block:: javascript
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@ -882,52 +993,65 @@ scene is rendered.
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import io.thp.pyotherside 1.3
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Item {
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width: 800
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height: 600
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width: 320
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height: 480
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PyGLArea {
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id: glArea
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anchors.fill: parent
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before: true
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property var t: 0
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SequentialAnimation on t {
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NumberAnimation { to: 1; duration: 2500; easing.type: Easing.InQuad }
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NumberAnimation { to: 0; duration: 2500; easing.type: Easing.OutQuad }
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loops: Animation.Infinite
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running: true
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}
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onTChanged: {
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if (renderer) {
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py.callMethod(renderer, 'set_t', [t], update);
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}
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}
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}
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Rectangle {
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color: Qt.rgba(1, 1, 1, 0.7)
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radius: 10
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border.width: 1
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border.color: "white"
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anchors.fill: label
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anchors.margins: -10
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}
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Text {
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x: 100
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y: 100
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text: "Hello World!"
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id: label
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color: "black"
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wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
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text: "The background here is a squircle rendered with raw OpenGL using a PyGLArea. This text label and its border is rendered using QML"
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anchors.right: parent.right
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anchors.left: parent.left
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anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
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anchors.margins: 20
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}
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Python {
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id: py
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Component.onCompleted: {
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importModule('myrenderer', function () {
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call('myrenderer.Renderer', [], function (renderer) {
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addImportPath(Qt.resolvedUrl('.'));
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importModule('pyglarea', function () {
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call('pyglarea.Renderer', [], function (renderer) {
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glArea.renderer = renderer;
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});
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});
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}
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onError: console.log(traceback);
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}
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}
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**myrenderer.py**
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.. code-block:: python
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class Renderer(object):
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def init(self):
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"""Initialize OpenGL stuff like textures, FBOs etc..."""
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def render(self, x, y, width, height):
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"""
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Render to the OpenGL context.
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(x, y, width, height) indicates the area to render on.
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The coordinate system's origin is at the bottom left corner of the
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window.
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"""
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def cleanup(self):
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"""Clean up OpenGL stuff initialized in initGL()."""
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Building PyOtherSide
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====================
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75
examples/pyglarea.py
Normal file
75
examples/pyglarea.py
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@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
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import numpy
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from OpenGL.GL import *
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from OpenGL.GL.shaders import compileShader, compileProgram
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VERTEX_SHADER = """#version 130
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attribute highp vec4 vertices;
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varying highp vec2 coords;
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void main() {
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gl_Position = vertices;
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coords = vertices.xy;
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}
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"""
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FRAGMENT_SHADER = """#version 130
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uniform lowp float t;
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varying highp vec2 coords;
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void main() {
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lowp float i = 1. - (pow(abs(coords.x), 4.) + pow(abs(coords.y), 4.));
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i = smoothstep(t - 0.8, t + 0.8, i);
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i = floor(i * 20.) / 20.;
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gl_FragColor = vec4(coords * .5 + .5, i, i);
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}
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"""
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class Renderer(object):
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def __init__(self):
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self.t = 0.0
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self.values = numpy.array([
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-1.0, -1.0,
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1.0, -1.0,
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-1.0, 1.0,
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1.0, 1.0
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], dtype=numpy.float32)
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def set_t(self, t):
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self.t = t
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def init(self):
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self.vertexbuffer = glGenBuffers(1)
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vertex_shader = compileShader(VERTEX_SHADER, GL_VERTEX_SHADER)
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fragment_shader = compileShader(FRAGMENT_SHADER, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
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self.program = compileProgram(vertex_shader, fragment_shader)
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self.vertices_attr = glGetAttribLocation(self.program, b'vertices')
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self.t_attr = glGetUniformLocation(self.program, b't')
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def render(self, x, y, width, height):
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glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
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glLoadIdentity()
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glViewport(x, y, width, height)
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glUseProgram(self.program)
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try:
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glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
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glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1)
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glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)
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glEnable(GL_BLEND)
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glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE)
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.vertexbuffer)
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glEnableVertexAttribArray(self.vertices_attr)
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glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.values, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
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glVertexAttribPointer(self.vertices_attr, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, None)
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glUniform1f(self.t_attr, self.t)
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glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4)
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finally:
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glDisableVertexAttribArray(0)
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0)
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glUseProgram(0)
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def cleanup(self):
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glDeleteProgram(self.program)
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glDeleteBuffers(1, [self.vertexbuffer])
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62
examples/pyglarea.qml
Normal file
62
examples/pyglarea.qml
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
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import QtQuick 2.0
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import io.thp.pyotherside 1.3
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Item {
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width: 320
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height: 480
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PyGLArea {
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id: glArea
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anchors.fill: parent
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before: true
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property var t: 0
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SequentialAnimation on t {
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NumberAnimation { to: 1; duration: 2500; easing.type: Easing.InQuad }
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NumberAnimation { to: 0; duration: 2500; easing.type: Easing.OutQuad }
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loops: Animation.Infinite
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running: true
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}
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onTChanged: {
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if (renderer) {
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py.callMethod(renderer, 'set_t', [t], update);
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}
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}
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}
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Rectangle {
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color: Qt.rgba(1, 1, 1, 0.7)
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radius: 10
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border.width: 1
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border.color: "white"
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anchors.fill: label
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anchors.margins: -10
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}
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Text {
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id: label
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color: "black"
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wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
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text: "The background here is a squircle rendered with raw OpenGL using a PyGLArea. This text label and its border is rendered using QML"
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anchors.right: parent.right
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anchors.left: parent.left
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anchors.bottom: parent.bottom
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anchors.margins: 20
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}
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Python {
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id: py
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Component.onCompleted: {
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addImportPath(Qt.resolvedUrl('.'));
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importModule('pyglarea', function () {
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call('pyglarea.Renderer', [], function (renderer) {
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glArea.renderer = renderer;
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});
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});
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}
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onError: console.log(traceback);
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}
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}
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